Rootwork

Nettle

Urtica dioica

UrticaceaeEurope, Asia, western North Africa, North America

Description

overall appearance

Perennial herb growing 3-7 feet tall with serrated leaves covered in stinging hairs; forms dense colonies.

roots

Creeping rhizome system with extensive fibrous roots; spreads aggressively through underground runners.

stem

Square, hollow stems with stinging hairs (trichomes); green color; branching pattern creates bushy growth.

leaves

Opposite, serrated leaves 2-6 inches long; heart-shaped base with pointed tip; covered in tiny stinging hairs.

flowers

Small, greenish flowers in drooping clusters; dioecious (male and female flowers on separate plants); appear in summer.

fruits/seeds

Small, oval achenes; wind-dispersed; important food source for many butterfly species and birds.

Active Compounds

Histamine (anti-inflammatory when processed)Formic acid (stinging compound, anti-inflammatory when dried)Chlorophyll (wound healing, detoxification)Lectins (immune system modulation)Lignans (hormone balancing)Minerals (iron, calcium, potassium, silica)

Traditional Uses

  • Arthritis and joint pain
  • Allergies and hay fever
  • Urinary tract health and prostate issues
  • Anemia and iron deficiency
  • Hair loss and scalp health
  • Eczema and skin conditions

Modern Applications

  • Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
  • Seasonal allergies and rhinitis
  • Osteoarthritis pain and inflammation
  • Iron deficiency anemia
  • Blood sugar regulation
  • Kidney and urinary support

⚠️ Safety Information

Contraindications

  • Fresh plant contact (causes stinging)
  • Pregnancy (may stimulate uterine contractions)
  • Edema due to heart or kidney problems
  • Low blood pressure

Side Effects

  • Generally well-tolerated when properly prepared
  • Mild digestive upset initially
  • Skin irritation with fresh plant contact
  • Possible diuretic effects

Drug Interactions

  • Blood pressure medications (may enhance effects)
  • Diabetes medications (may lower blood sugar)
  • Blood-thinning medications
  • Diuretic medications

Parts Used

  • Leaves (primary medicinal use - must be dried or cooked)
  • Roots (for prostate health)
  • Seeds (nutritional and reproductive health)
  • Young shoots (culinary and medicinal)

Preparation Methods

2-3 teaspoons dried leaves per cup boiling water; steep 10-15 minutes

Roots simmered 20 minutes for prostate support

1:3 ratio with 50% alcohol; macerate dried leaves 4 weeks

Dried leaves reconstituted for topical anti-inflammatory use

Dried leaves in carrier oil for hair and scalp treatment

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Disclaimer: For educational purposes only. This is not medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider.